e-FIR and Zero FIR: Definitions, Steps, and Processes

1. Zero FIR

Definition:

Zero FIR allows a person to file an FIR at any police station, regardless of where the offense occurred. It eliminates jurisdictional barriers and ensures immediate registration of cases, speeding up the legal process.

Steps and Processes:

1. Filing a Complaint:

• A complainant approaches any police station, orally or electronically, to report a cognizable offense outside that station’s jurisdiction.

2. Recording Details:

• The Station House Officer (SHO) or officer on duty records the information in the Zero FIR register under Section 173(1) of BNSS-2023.

• For women or disabled complainants, information is recorded by a female officer or in their preferred location, with special provisions (e.g., interpreter, videography).

3. Preliminary Inquiry (if required):

• For offenses punishable by 3-7 years, the officer may conduct an inquiry with DSP approval to confirm a prima facie case within 14 days.

4. Registration:

• After verification, the FIR is registered with a “Zero” prefix to indicate non-jurisdictional origin.

• A copy is provided to the complainant free of charge.

5. Transfer:

• The Zero FIR is transferred to the police station with jurisdiction over the offense.

6. Investigation:

• The jurisdictional police station re-registers the case and assigns an investigating officer to proceed with the investigation.

7. Updates to Complainant:

• The complainant receives regular updates on the investigation status.

2. e-FIR

Definition:

An e-FIR enables individuals to report crimes online through official portals or electronic communication, removing the need to visit a police station physically.

Steps and Processes:

1. Submission:

• The complainant submits details of the incident, personal information, and any supporting evidence via the police e-FIR portal, website, or other electronic means.

2. Verification:

• The submitted e-FIR is reviewed by the investigating officer for initial verification.

3. Preliminary Inquiry (if applicable):

• For offenses punishable by 3-7 years, the officer may conduct an inquiry within 14 days to establish a prima facie case, with DSP approval.

4. Registration:

• If verified, the FIR is formally registered within three days.

• A free copy is provided to the complainant.

5. Immediate Action:

• If the complaint requires urgent action, the investigating officer can register the FIR directly and take necessary steps.

6. Assignment and Investigation:

• The SHO assigns the case to an investigating officer for further action following BNSS procedures.

Key Benefits

• Zero FIR: Provides immediate access to legal recourse and ensures no delays due to jurisdictional issues.

• e-FIR: Facilitates convenient, hassle-free complaint registration, saving time and effort for citizens.